1919
September 16.
Adolph Hitler joins the German Workers’ Party (DAP).
1920
August 8. The
German National Socialist Workers’ Party is formed. (NSDAP)
1923
November 8-9.
The “Beer-Hall Putsch”. Hitler tries to topple the Bavarian
government, but fails. He is sentenced to 5 years of imprisonment
in April 1924, but only serves nine months of his sentence. During
his imprisonment, he writes Mein Kampf.
1925
November.
The SS is founded in Munich as Hitler’s private
bodyguard.
1928
May 20. “Reichstag”
-- the election day for the German government. The Nazi party receives
2.6 percent of the votes.
1930
September
14. Election day for the German government. In
the wake of a world depression the Nazi party receives
18.3 per cent of the votes.
1931
December.
Unemployment in Germany at crisis levels: 5.6 million out
of work.
1932
Spring. July
31. Hitler loses two elections for the Germany
presidency. The Nazi party has it’s greatest success in
the free elections. With 37.4 per cent of the votes the
Nazis are now the biggest political party in Germany.
November 6. Elections to the government.
The Nazis get 33.1 percent of the vote.
1933
January 30.
Adolph Hitler becomes national Chancellor. German Jews
soon notice the consequences of the Nazis’ anti-Semitic
policies that now follows.
March 20.
Dachau, the first concentration camp is erected some 16
km northwest of Munich. It’s first inmates are
Communists, Social Democrats and trade unionists, most of
whom will later be released. The brutal practices
perfected here by the commander Theodor Eicke became the
model for the camps that followed.
April 1-3. Boycott of Jewish lawyers,
doctors, shops and businesses.
April. Jews banned from civil service.
May 10. The Nazis instigate public
bookburnings of Jewish authors and other writers opposing
the Nazi regime.
July 14. The National Socialist Workers’
Party (NSDAP) is the only political party allowed in
Germany. Laws are passed allowing compulsory
sterilization on Gypsies, handicapped and colored
Germans.
September. Jews are excluded from all
cultural activities.
1934
July 3. Laws
are constituted that forbid marriages between Germans and persons
of foreign races and defective people of German
blood.
August 2. The German President, Paul Von
Hindenburg, dies.
August 19. Hitler appoints himself as
Führer of the Third Reich.
October - November.
Arrests of homosexuals throughout Germany.
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1935
April. Jehovah’s
Witnesses are excluded from civil service. Many are
arrested.
May 21. Jews are excluded from military
service.
September 15. The Nuremberg laws are proclaimed at
a Nazi Party meeting. Jews are no longer permitted to enter into marriage
with persons of German blood or have sexual relations with them. During
the 30’s, over 400 laws were enacted in Germany restricting Jewish
rights.
November 26. The Nuremberg laws are
extended. Gypsies and colored people are no longer
permitted to enter into marriage between persons of
German blood.
1936
June 17. SS
Commander Heinrich Himmler becomes head chief of the
German Police.
August 1-16. Hitler opens the Olympic
Games in Berlin.
1938
March 13. “Anschluss”
The Third Reich annexes Austria.
April. Resolution to register all Jewish property.
July 6-15. Representatives of thirty-two nations
discuss the Jewish refuge problem in Evian.
August 17. Jewish women in Nazi Germany must add
the name «Sara» to their names and all Jewish men «Israel».
October 5. All Jewish passports are stamped with
a big red «J» for «Jew».
October 28. Nearly 17.000 former Polish Jews are
expelled from Germany to the Polish border.
November 9-10. “Kristallnacht”. Pogroms,
murder and comprehensive damage. Almost 30.000 Jews are interned in
concentration camps.
November 5. Jewish children are no longer allowed
to attend German schools. After the Kristallnacht, Sweden allows in
500 German Jewish children.
1939
January 30.
Hitler now tells the German Reichstag that a World War will mean the
“extermination of the Jewish race in Europe”.
February 21. Jews are to hand over jewelry and precious
metals.
June 29. Over 400 Gypsy women from Austria are deported
to Ravensbrück concentration camp.
September 1. World War II starts with Germany’s
invasion of Poland. German “Einsatzgruppen” [Special Units]
shoot priests, academics and Jews. German Jews are not allowed out
after 9 p.m.
September 20. Jews are no longer allowed to possess
radios.
October. Deportations of Jews from Nazi Germany to
the Lublin area.
November 20. Heinrich Himmler gives the order to
imprison all Gypsy women fortune-tellers.
November 23. All Jews in the General Government in
Poland have to wear a Star of David.
For the
period 1940-42
click here.
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